References UK clinical guidance from the NHS, the British HIV Association (BHIVA), and the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH). Last updated: April 2026.
Getting tested for STIs is one of the most important things you can do for your sexual health. Most STIs are silent, so testing is the only way to know your status. It’s quick, confidential, usually painless and free on the NHS. Here’s everything you need to know.
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What Happens During an STI Test
| Sample | What It Tests For |
|---|---|
| Urine | Chlamydia, gonorrhoea |
| Blood (finger-prick or vein) | HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C |
| Vaginal swab | Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, BV, trichomoniasis |
| Throat swab | Chlamydia, gonorrhoea (if oral sex) |
| Rectal swab | Chlamydia, gonorrhoea (if anal sex) |
Where to Test
- NHS sexual health clinics — free, confidential
- Home test kits — free in many areas
- GP surgery
- Private clinics
Who Should Test
- Everyone who is sexually active
- After each new partner
- Under 25 — yearly for chlamydia
- MSM — every 3 months if at higher risk
Results
- Rapid tests: 15-30 minutes
- Lab tests: 2-5 days
- Most results are negative
- Positive results lead to simple treatment
Confidentiality
NHS sexual health records are kept separate from GP records. Testing is confidential — your employer, family and insurer won’t know.
Read more: How often to test | Home STI tests | Understanding results
Frequently Asked Questions
Is testing embarrassing?
Not at all. Staff are non-judgmental professionals.
Is it free?
Yes through NHS services.
How often should I test?
At least annually if sexually active; more with new or multiple partners.
Related reading
- How Accurate Are Rapid HIV Tests?
- Anonymous STI Testing: What It Means
- Are HIV Tests Accurate If You're on PrEP, PEP or ART?
- Are STI Blood Tests Accurate?
- Before You Get Intimate: Why You Should Ask About STI Testing
Sources
- NHS — Sexual health conditions
- BASHH — UK clinical guidelines for STI management
- British HIV Association (BHIVA) — HIV treatment guidelines
- Terrence Higgins Trust — sexual health information
- UK Health Security Agency — STI surveillance data
Steve Page is a recognised expert on Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and STD treatments, having published numerous articles in peer-reviewed journals and presented his research at conferences around the world. He has an in-depth understanding of the latest medical research on STDs, and is an advocate for the development of new treatments and protocols to improve the health of those affected. In addition to his research, he has dedicated his career to understanding the causes and symptoms of STDs, as well as how to best treat those impacted.
